windows写的shell 传到linux就有^M，因为windows下面的回车换行的原因。





我的解决比较粗暴：

给每行加个注释
```bash
#!/bin/bash
DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d)  # 注释 不然有回车换行
work_path=$(dirname $(readlink -f $0)) # 当前绝对路径
file=${work_path}"/chongli_daily_hotmap_weather.py" # 注释
/home/dolphinscheduler/miniconda3/envs/kevin_py37/bin/python ${file} >> start_daily.${DATE}.log 2>&1 &  # 注释
```

Linux下去掉^M的四种方法

## 步骤





1. 安装 `sudo yum install vsftpd`

2. 查找安装位置 `whereis vsftpd`

   ```
   vsftpd: /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd /usr/share/man/man8/vsftpd.8.gz
   ```

3. 配置 /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

   * 关闭匿名登入

     `anonymous_enable=NO`

   * 配置用户权限

     `allow_writeable_chroot=YES`

     `reverse_lookup_enable=NO`

     `chroot_local_user=YES`

   * 具体见附录

4. #### 重要： 必须要把整个防火墙都关掉

   才能正常登入，只打开21端口，用户无法登入，猜测应该是vsftpd需要更多的端口

   * 查看防火墙状态

     `systemctl status firewalld`

     或者

     `firewall-cmd --state `

   * 暂时关闭防火墙

     `systemctl stop firewalld`

   * 如果有必要，可以把`SElinux`也关闭

     查看:

     `/usr/sbin/sestatus -v `

     临时关闭:

     `setenforce 0 `

5. 对于大华的摄像头需要特别注意

   /etc/vsftpd.conf 必须配置：`chroot_local_user=YES`  

   > 是否将所有用户限制在主目录,YES为启用 NO禁用.(该项默认值是NO,即在安装vsftpd后不做配置的话，ftp用户是可以向上切换到要目录之外的)

   注意，对于大华的摄像头，这个设定必须打开，否则测试将无法通过

   关闭这个选项时，海康的摄像头能够成功测试，并且整个ftp功能是正常的。

   **vsftpd的配置到此结束**

   * 查看 vsftpd.service服务的状态:

     `systemctl status vsftpd.service`

   * 关闭服务

     `systemctl  stop vsftpd.service`

   * 开启服务

     `systemctl stop vsftpd.service`

6. 创建用户

   

7. 森林防火项目，配置conda 和 python环境

   有一个问题，opencv依赖的动态库 CentOS本地没有, 手动安装

   ```sh
   yum install libSM-1.2.2-2.el7.x86_64 --setopt=protected_multilib=false
   yum install libXrender-0.9.10-1.el7.x86_64 --setopt=protected_multilib=false
   yum install libXext.x86_64 --setopt=protected_multilib=false
   ```

8. 如果需要Nginx

   一般配置了ftp, 都需要通过网络可以访问到这些静态的文件，用nginx做是比较好的选择

   Nginx可以源码编译安装，也有centos package安装

   * yum包管理器安装 https://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html#RHEL-CentOS

     1. 安装依赖 Install the prerequisites: 

        sudo yum install yum-utils

     2. 配置Nginx的远程包仓库

         To set up the yum repository, create the file named `/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo` with the following contents:

     > ```
     > [nginx-stable]
     > name=nginx stable repo
     > baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
     > gpgcheck=1
     > enabled=1
     > gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
     > module_hotfixes=true
     > 
     > [nginx-mainline]
     > name=nginx mainline repo
     > baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
     > gpgcheck=1
     > enabled=0
     > gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
     > module_hotfixes=true
     > ```

     通常用默认的stable源就可以了，如果需要nginx主线上的版本，用如下的命令配置 yum

     By default, the repository for stable nginx packages is used. If you would like to use mainline nginx packages, run the following command:

     > ```
     > sudo yum-config-manager --enable nginx-mainline
     > ```

     **安装Nginx**

       To install nginx, run the following command:

     > ```
     > sudo yum install nginx
     > ```

       When prompted to accept the GPG key, verify that the fingerprint matches `573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079 A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62`, and if so, accept it.

     如果有要求接受GPG秘钥，就接受。

   * /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 配置

     最简单的配置

     ```shell
     # For more information on configuration, see:
     #   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
     #   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/
     user nginx;
     worker_processes auto;
     error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
     pid /run/nginx.pid;
     # Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
     include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
     events {
         worker_connections 1024;
     }
     http {
         log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                           '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                           '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
         access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
         sendfile            on;
         tcp_nopush          on;
         tcp_nodelay         on;
         keepalive_timeout   65;
         types_hash_max_size 2048;
         include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
         default_type        application/octet-stream;
         # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
         # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
         # for more information.
         include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
         server {
             listen       80 default_server;
             listen       [::]:80 default_server;
             server_name  _;
             root  /;
             location /images/{
                 alias  /home/detector/output/;
                 index index.html;
                 autoindex on;
             }
         }
     ```

   * 运行 Nginx

     因为用包管理器安装，Nginx已经在我们的shell环境变量中了，可以直接调用，如果是编译安装的，记得把编译时写的--prefix 安装路径放到环境变量中

     * 校验配置文件是否正确

       `nginx -t`

     * 启动nginx

       `nginx `

     * 运行时重新导入配置

       `nginx -s reload`

     * 关闭Nginx

       `nginx -s stop`

## 附录

```shell
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool ftp_home_dir
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool allow_ftpd_anon_write, allow_ftpd_full_access
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=220
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode. The vsftpd.conf(5) man page explains
# the behaviour when these options are disabled.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
chroot_local_user=YES
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=NO
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
allow_writeable_chroot=YES
reverse_lookup_enable=NO
```

vsftpd FTP服务器构建和使用

主要是linux服务器上操作，windows没尝试。





有了一个之前的conda环境，怎么快速克隆一个。

---


本机到本机的克隆：

```python
conda create -n kevin_py37clone --clone kevin_py37
```

上面这指令含义就是创建一个叫kevin_py37clone 的环境，此环境克隆本地的一个交kevin_py37的环境。之后你就拥有2个一模一样的环境如下图：

![在这里插入图片描述](/static/img/images/00560.png)

删除这个克隆的环境：

conda remove -n kevin_py37clone --all


---

本地服务器环境迁移到别的服务器：

先找到环境路径，一版在conda安装目录下的envs里面，比如我的环境路径目录就是：

/home/dolphinscheduler/miniconda3/envs/kevin_py37

把此文件亚索后传输到别的服务器，在别的服务器上解压后，在别的服务器使用下面指令安装：

```python
conda create -n new_env --clone 环境路径
```

在此过程中有可能需要的指令：

```python
tar zcvf pkg.tar.gz kevin_py37/
scp pkg.tar.gz kevin_xie@172.18.43.32:/home/kevin_xie/
来到别的服务器：
tar zxvf pkg.tar.gz
conda create -n new_env --clone ./kevin_py37/
```

用PIP安装的包还是需要重新装。

conda 环境 复制 克隆 快速安装 python

比如查看home目录的大小：





```python
du -s /home
```

也可以：

```python
du -sh /home
```

LINUX下查看一个文件夹下所有文件的总大小

Linux 目录下文件个数 路径下文件个数

递归更改所有目录和文件，把拥有者用户改成kevin_xie  ，文件所属用户组改为了 sensor  。




```python
chown -R kevin_xie:sensor /data_share_kevin
```

Linux 更改文件拥有者 更改文件所属用户组

./linuxyunwei.json```python

find ./ -type f | xargs rm -rf  # 删除当前路径下的所有文件，但不删除目录。目录里面的文件也会被删除
```

删除当前路径下的所有文件 但不删除目录 目录里面的文件也会被删除

Ctrl + c 退出当前指令输入





ctrl + w 往回删除一个单词，光标放在最末尾

ctrl + u 删除光标以前的字符

ctrl + k 删除光标以后的字符

ctrl + a 移动光标至的字符头

ctrl + e 移动光标至的字符尾

ctrl + l 清屏

linux ssh 常用快捷键

# 0 换yum源





不换就跑得慢
```python
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo  # 配置为163源  可以不要这个 不执行这句
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo # 配置为阿里云
```

# 1 安装java

查可用的：
```python
yum list java*
```

安装：
```python
yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64
```

进入配置：

```python
vi /etc/profile
```

在末尾加：

注意JAVA_HOME是需要变的，cd /usr/lib/jvm/去看真实的，yum会安装最新版本的。
```python
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.302.b08-0.el7_9.x86_64/
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
```

重启配置：

```python
source /etc/profile
```

测试：

```python
java
```

#　2 安装ｍｙｓｑｌ


```python
yum remove mysql # 有就卸载  没有就算了
wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm # 下载mysql的repo源 由于CentOS 的yum源中没有mysql，需要到mysql的官网下载yum repo配置文件
sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm #　安装mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm包
cd  /etc/yum.repos.d/  #玄学 非得进来才能装mysql？ ！！！！！！！！！！！！
sudo vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo  #　想要哪个版本 enabled 为1表示启用，将要安装的版本的enabled改为1后保存
sudo yum install mysql-server # 安装mysql
systemctl restart mysqld.service
systemctl start mysqld.service
systemctl stop mysqld.service
sudo systemctl enable mysqld  //配置开机启动
```



启动后有个临时密码，这么获取：

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

倘若没有获取临时密码，则

删除原来安装过的mysql残留的数据

rm -rf /var/lib/mysql

再启动mysql

systemctl start mysqld #启动MySQL

我在此过程中没得到任何东西，直接当密码丢失处理得了，重新给mysql配置一个密码。过程：

vim /etc/my.cnf

加一句话：

skip-grant-tables

意思就是免密登陆

![在这里插入图片描述](/static/img/images/00591.png)

然后重启mysql：systemctl restart mysqld.service

然后输入mysql进入：`mysql`

然后：`use mysql`

然后(注意替换)：`update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('这里输入你的密码') where user='root' and Host ='localhost';`

然后（注意分号，一定要有）：`flush privileges;`

然后（一定要正常退出）：`exit`

成功！

![在这里插入图片描述](/static/img/images/00592.png)

再次进入vim /etc/my.cnf

删除掉免密登陆那句话。

重启一次systemctl restart mysqld.service



```python
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "111111";
systemctl restart firewalld
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
```





#　3  安装webbase

CentOS7 webbase 区块链 安装 yum镜像 java mysql linux

./linuxyunwei.json```python

apt-get update: 升级安装包相关的命令,刷新可安装的软件列表(但是不做任何实际的安装动作)
apt-get upgrade: 进行安装包的更新(软件版本的升级)
apt-get dist-upgrade: 进行系统版本的升级(Ubuntu版本的升级)
do-release-upgrade: Ubuntu官方推荐的系统升级方式,若加参数-d还可以升级到开发版本,但会不稳定
```